Vesicles initially contain the same salt solution as the extracellular space, with high concentrations of chloride (Cl -) and sodium (Na +). For glutamatergic synaptic vesicles, chloride ions must be ...

Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say they unexpectedly found new information about a protein's special role in getting brain cells to communicate at the right time and place in experiments with ...

A systematic review of seventeen studies finds that PET imaging of the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A protein can reveal ...

Researchers have used cryo-electron tomography to uncover new details of the molecular structure of synaptic vesicles, which help transport neurotransmitters in the brain. The study could inform ...

For all its mysteries, the brain can sometimes be described through simple metaphors. For example, communication between neurons works in many ways like a busy shipping depot: components come in, ...

Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2 A (SV2A) is a membrane protein of synaptic vesicles and the binding site of antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. Biallelic Arg383Gln is reported in a family with ...

Video depiction of vesicle fusion and tethering. In the active zone in the central left of the video, docked vesicles (dark blue) fuse with the membrane, releasing their contents and being quickly ...

In A, researchers used a fluorescent protein (synaptopHluorin) to visualize synaptic vesicle movement. Some vesicles stay open briefly before retrieval (kiss-and-run). Others stay open longer but also ...

A new single-cell and animal study links SLC7A11-high astrocyte states to antioxidant failure and synaptic remodeling in ...

Brain cells, or neurons, transmit electrical signals efficiently only when they recycle tiny cellular sacs that store signaling chemicals called neurotransmitters. When a neuron is stimulated, the ...

How do we think, feel, remember, or move? These processes involve synaptic transmission, in which chemical signals are transmitted between nerve cells using molecular containers called vesicles. Now, ...