Carbohydrates are large macromolecules made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) and have the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Carbohydrates can be classified according to the number of sugar units ...

Glycans, nucleic acids and proteins are three major classes of natural biopolymers. The extremely high diversity of isomerization makes structural elucidation of glycans the most challenging job among ...

Monosaccharides are small molecule carbohydrates that contain only a single six-membered ring of carbon and oxygen, but often exist in equilibrium with a five-membered ring and straight chain form.