As early as the 1650s, enslaved Africans escaped into the American wilderness to form their own separate communities -- a New World adaptation of an African form of resistance. These maroons (or ...

And it probably represents, more than anything else, the autonomy within some of the African American communities. And probably, the maroons were mainly those people who were closest to Africa ...

Not only did maroon troops raid Portuguese settlements ... But most retain cultural elements of their residents’ African homeland, mixed with European and native traditions.

From Africa he was captured by Portuguese traffickers ... Friar Pedro Simón narrates that in 1599 the first uprisings of the black maroons began. It was the rebellion led by Domingo (Benkos ...

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