Engine calibration for internal combustion systems has evolved from manual bench-based map tuning to advanced model-based and data-driven approaches that accelerate development, improve efficiency and ...

You've heard the narrative: the era of internal combustion is on its way out, set to be replaced by cars with batteries and maybe, someday, hydrogen fuel cells. But the market isn’t moving in a ...

Effective management of the ratio between air and fuel in internal combustion engines underpins both performance optimisation and emissions reduction. The air–fuel ratio (AFR) determines combustion ...

With all the recent emphasis on electric vehicles, we often overlook the technology that still powers most cars on the road today. The internal combustion engine (ICE) has been at the heart of the ...