Important everyday products—from plastics to detergents—are made through chemical reactions that mostly use precious metals ...

Scientists are finding new ways to replace expensive, scarce platinum catalysts with something far more abundant: tungsten ...

In a combustion reaction, fuel is burned and reacts with oxygen to release energy. Respiration is the chemical change that takes place inside living cells. Glucose and oxygen are used to release ...

Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) is a material characterization process that heats a sample of an element or compound, then, in the thermal excitation that takes place it can establish the ...

A PU is made by mixing together the ingredient chemicals (isocyanate and polyol see later) in predetermined proportions, which then react to form the polymer. Uniquely, PUs utilise simultaneous ...

The greater the frequency of successful collisions between reactant particles, the greater the reaction rate. Temperature, concentration, pressure and the use of catalysts affect reaction rate. Heat ...