Deep below Earth's surface lie two gigantic structures with mysterious origins. Now, seismologists have found new clues about their composition that could upend our understanding of the whole planet's ...

A recent study investigating giant "island" structures near Earth's core has deepened the mystery surrounding them: As well as suggesting they are truly ancient structures, the research may alter what ...

The Earth’s oceans have risen and fallen over the millennia. But they have, on average, been relatively stable over billions of years. The balance of the deep water cycle—the exchange of water between ...

A plume of hot rocks that burst forth from the Earth's mantle millions of years ago helped forge a land bridge that connected Asia and Africa for the first time, allowing land animals such as the ...

For the first time, scientists have directly measured the amount of heat flowing from the molten metal of Earth’s core into a region at the base of the mantle, a process that helps drive both the ...

Lavas from hotspots—whether erupting in Hawaii, Samoa or Iceland—likely originate from a worldwide, uniform reservoir in Earth’s mantle, according to an evaluation of volcanic hotspots published today ...

Most of this chaos likely unfolded in Mars’s first 100 million years,” said Dr. Constantinos Charalambous of Imperial College London. The mayhem he speaks of is not figurative but real gigantic, ...

Mars is not the pristine, stratified world that people once imagined it is a graveyard of shattered worlds, their shattered remnants encapsulated deep in its mantle for over four billion years. It is ...

A team of Japanese researchers hopes to drill through the Earth's crust and reach the mantle directly. This would be a major achievement; our efforts to reach the mantle to-date have not been ...