Identifying phloem in a conifer stem cross-section requires careful observation and attention to several key characteristics. These features, when considered together, can help differentiate phloem ...

The phloem plays essential roles in the source-to-sink relationship and in long-distance communication, and thereby coordinates growth and development throughout the plant. Here we employed isolation ...

To establish productive infection, plant viruses need to be able to efficiently invade and spread within a plant. Most viruses are introduced into a plant via the epidermal or mesophyll cells where ...