Tens of thousands of displaced Palestinians trekked for hours toward their homes in northern Gaza on Monday, nearly 16 months after Israel launched an offensive there in response to Hamas’s Oct. 7 attacks.

To better understand what the cease-fire will mean for the Israelis, the Palestinians, and the Middle East, Foreign Affairs turned to Marc Lynch, a professor of political science at George Washington University and the director of its Middle East Studies program.

A Palestinian man was killed and seven people were wounded by Israeli fire overnight, local health officials said Sunday, as crowds gathered in hopes of returning to the northern Gaza Strip under a fragile week-old ceasefire aimed at winding down the war.